why all selected supply voltages are multiple of
11.i.e440,11 kv,33 kv,66 kv,110 kv etc
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Answer Posted / dhaval shah
The miss concept is Line voltage is in multiple of 11 due to Form Factor. The form factor of an alternating current waveform (signal) is the ratio of the RMS (Root Mean Square) value to the average value (mathematical mean of absolute values of all points on the waveform). In case of a sinusoidal wave, the form factor is 1.11.
The Main reason is something historical. In olden days when the electricity becomes popular, the people had a misconception that in the transmission line there would be a voltage loss of around 10%. So in order to get 100 at the load point they started sending 110 from supply side. This is the reason. It has nothing to do with form factor (1.11).
Nowadays that thought has changed and we are using 400 V instead of 440 V, or 230 V instead of 220 V.
Also alternators are now available with terminal voltages from 10.5 kV to 15.5 kV so generation in multiples of 11 does not arise. Now a days when, we have voltage correction systems, power factor improving capacitors, which can boost/correct voltage to desired level, we are using the exact voltages like 400KV in spite of 444KV
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