DMA deals with which address (physical/virtual addresses) ?

Answer Posted / embeddedmatters

DMA deals with Physical addresses.

Only when CPU accesses addresses it refers to MMU(Memory
Management Unit) and MMU converts the Physical address to
Virtual address.

But, DMA controller is a device which directly drives the
data and address bus during data transfer. So, it is purely
Physical address. (It never needs to go through MMU &
Virtual addresses).

That is why when writing the device drivers, the physical
address of the data buffer has to be assigned to the DMA.

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