In orifice why the pressure and temperature are decreases?

Answer Posted / jagan

Orifice is a small hole like a nozzle. When a high pressure
fluid passes through the orifice, Pressure gets reduced
suddenly and the velocity of the fluid gets increased. Also
the heat transfer rate increases. We know that Heat transfer
rat is directly proportional to the difference in
temperature, Area and the heat transfer coefficient. Heat
transfer Coefficient remains constant for a fluid at a
particular temperature.
Q= KA(T1-T2)
If the heat transfer rate increases, it seems the
difference in temperature gets increased. There is no way in
reduction of inlet temperature of the orifice. As a result,
The outlet temperature of the orifice gets reduced.
Hence the pressure and temperature gets reduced when
it passes through orifice.

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