What are Host and Host Instance? Did you deploy BizTalk
more than one machine?
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Answer Posted / kumar
If the application using it is not too large, the entire
BizTalk Server 2004 engine can be installed on a single
computer. In many situations, however, this is not the
right solution. The number of messages the engine must
handle might be too great for one computer, or redundancy
might be required to make the system more reliable. To meet
requirements like these, the BizTalk Server 2004 engine can
be deployed in a number of ways.
A fundamental concept for deploying the engine is the idea
of a host. A host can contain various things, including
orchestrations, adapters, and pipelines. Hosts are just
logical constructs; to use them, a BizTalk Server 2004
administrator must cause actual host instances to be
created. Each host instance is a Windows process, and as
the following figure shows, it can contain various elements.
Figure 6 Host computers
In this figure:
• Computer A runs two host instances. One contains a
receive adapter and receive pipeline, while the other
contains the orchestrations P and Q.
• Computer B runs just one host instance, also
containing the orchestrations P and Q.
• Computer C, like computer A, runs two host
instances, but neither of them contains an orchestration.
Instead, each of these instances contains a send pipeline
and send adapter.
• Computer D houses the MessageBox database that is
used by all of the host instances in this configuration.
This example illustrates several ways in which hosts might
be used. For example, because both computers A and B run
host instances that contain the orchestrations P and Q,
BizTalk Server 2004 can automatically assign requests to
these orchestrations based on the availability and current
load on each computer. This allows a business process to
scale up as needed for high-volume applications. Notice
also that computer C contains two different ways to handle
outgoing messages. One way might rely on a standard BizTalk
Server 2004 adapter, such as the HTTP adapter, while the
other might use a custom adapter to communicate with a
particular application. Grouping all output processing on a
single computer like this can make good sense in some
situations. And because each host instance is isolated from
every other host instance—they are different processes—it
is safer to run code that is not completely trusted, such
as a new custom adapter, in a separate instance. It is also
worth pointing out that even though this example contains
only a single instance of the MessageBox database, you can
also replicate or cluster the databases to avoid creating a
single point of failure.
Managing Applications
The BizTalk Server 2004 engine provides a range of
services, and several different tools are used to manage
this environment. The primary tool is the BizTalk
Administration console, a Microsoft Management Console
(MMC) snap-in. This tool enables you to create hosts,
assign hosts to computers, start and stop orchestrations,
and perform many other administration tasks. You can even
dynamically add computers and specify what hosts should be
assigned to them while an application is running—there is
no need to shut the application down to make these changes.
You can also access the functions of the Administration
console programmatically through Windows Management
Instrumentation (WMI), which enables you to create scripts
that automate management functions.
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