Answer Posted / Aarti
Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are proteins produced by the immune system that play a crucial role in defending the body against foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria. The structure of immunoglobulins is complex, consisting of four polypeptide chains: two heavy (H) chains and two light (L) chains held together by disulfide bonds. Each chain has a constant region and a variable region that determines the specificity for a particular antigen. The four chains are arranged in a Y-shape, with the two L chains at the ends (antigen-binding sites) and the two H chains at the base, which contains parts involved in effector functions.
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