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The basic characteristics of client/server architectures
are:

1) combination of a client or front-end portion that
interacts with the user,and a server or back-end portion
that interacts with the shared resource.
The client process contains solution-specific logic and
provides the interface between the user and the rest of the
application system. The server process acts as a software
engine that manages shared resources such as databases,
printers, modems, or high powered processors.

2) the front-end task and back-end task have fundamentally
different requirements for computing resources such as
processor speeds, memory, disk speeds and capacities, and
input/output devices.

3) the environment is typically heterogeneous and
multivendor. The hardware platform and operating system of
client and server are not usually the same.Client and
server processes communicate through a well-defined set of
standard application program interfaces (API's) and
RPC's.

4) An important characteristic of client-server systems is
scalability. They can be scaled horizontally or vertically.
Horizontal scaling means adding or removing client
workstations with only a slight performance impact.
Vertical scaling means migrating to a larger and faster
server machine or multiservers.

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