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Answer Posted / nagesh.patwari
Passive Flitering-
An LC circuit, tuned to each harmonic order to be filtered, is installed in parallel with the non-linear load. This bypass circuit absorbs the harmonics, thus avoiding their flow in the distribution network.
Generally speaking, the passive filter(LC series ckt in parallel with Non linear load ) is tuned to a harmonic order close to the order to be eliminated. Several parallel-connected branches of Passive filters can be used if a significant reduction in the distortion of a number of harmonic orders is required. It offers both power-factor correction and high current-filtering capacity .Passive filters also reduce the harmonic voltages in installations where the supply voltage is disturbed. If the level of reactive power supplied is high, it is advised to turn off the passive filter at times when the percent load is low.
AHC Active harmonics filter-
AHC comprising power electronics and can be installed in series or parallel with the non-linear load, compensate the harmonic current or voltage drawn by the load. A parallel-connected active harmonic conditioner (AHC) compensating the harmonic current (Iharm = -Iactiv) by injecting Iactiv in opposite phase.
The AHC injects in opposite phase active current the harmonics drawn by the non-linear load, such that the line current Is remains sinusoidal.
Hybrid Filtering (Combined Active & Passive Filter)
Passive and active filters are combined in a single system to constitute a hybrid filter. This new filtering solution offers the advantages of both types of filters and covers a wide range of power and performance levels.
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