Answer Posted / deep kotadiya

Basically on field terms the difference to understand its usage is
NP stands for non pressure
And NP 2, NP 3, NP 4 are categories of pipe to be layed according to the demand, factors including depth, load and volume or flow in the pipe.
NP 2 for shallow depth and least flow
NP 3 has more steel than NP 2 and can be layed in more depth
NP 4 more steel than NP 3 in order to resist in deeper depth and max. Load
All pipes works economically under the gravitational force, still pump house are there in order to tackle difficulties.

As in practice, we are deducting every 2d for 90 degree bend but from where it comes means derivation or reference of IS Code.

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