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Why is earth connected to neutral on transfomer installations
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Answer Posted / pradeep
In fact, transformer neutral is grounded for a star connected winding.
there are several reasons for neutral grounding in a transformer.
1. the main reason is to avoid automatic neutral shifting problem due to unbalanced loading.
2. Neutral can also be grounded to introduce the protections related to earth faults. So that the internal/external earth faults can be identified in the first instant in order to isolate the faulty circuit as faster as we can.
3. Neutral grounding can also be done through a series resistor/reactor or a transformer to limit the fault below certain level and to avoid the problem of "Arcing grounds"
4. Personal safety
5. Reduced magnitude of transient over voltages
And so on...!!
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1. A 380 / 220 V r.m.s. 3-phase 4-wire circuit carries loads of 8 + j8.1 ohm; 4 + j4.1 ohm; and 2 +j2.1 ohmin the three phases respectively. The length of the circuit is 100 m, and the resistivity of the phase conductors is 0.0005 Ω/m. The neutral conductor is of the same size as the phase conductors. a) Select a reference angle 0for the first phase. Then write down the three phase voltages in both polar format and complex number format. b) Make appropriate assumptions, and take temperature effects on resistance is insignificant. Calculate the currents in the three phases. (Note: Determine conductor resistance, and apply Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law) Based on the result, suggest a main switch rating for the circuit. c) Show your preferred direction of neutral current in a diagram, and then determine its value. (Note: Apply superposition principle, and Kirchhoff’s Current Law) Use its magnitude to show that in this circuit, the unbalanced load may increase the voltage drop in some of the phases. (Note: Also observe the common volt drip in neutral) State your assumptions, if there are any. d) Suddenly the neutral wire of the circuit is broken. Estimate the new currents in the first phase, i.e. Phase L1. State your assumptions, if there are any.
