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How a synchronous generator practically work? what is the
function of avr(automatic voltage regulator)in synchronous
generator?how the connection of avr to the generator made
practically?please give me the answer.
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Answer Posted / akash mishra ( steam turbine,
Modern day practice is to use brushless excitation system. In this system Alternator, Main Exciter and PMG are mounted at the same shaft. PMG is a permanent magnet generator which generates 3 phase voltage of 150-250 volts at 100-200 HZ ( example TPDS Alternator PMG 150 Hz, Andritz Alternator PMG 100 HZ). This output voltage of PMG is feed to AVR and it act as a input power for thyristor bridge rectifer inside it. AVR is a microcontroller based device which senses terminal voltage of alternator with the help of PT ( generally 11000/110 volts PH-PH) AVR decides the firing angle of thyristor bridge depending upon the error signal generated (Setpoint minus actual value). This controlled DC output of AVR is feed to exciter field winding (stationary) which in turn induces voltage in exciter armature. The output voltage of exciter armature is connected to generator main field winding via Rotating rectifier assembly ( RRA Diode bridge). Hence the main field winding current is controlled in a closed loop manner. AVR continuously monitors terminal voltage of alternator and always tries to maintain the setpoint ( 11KV) equal to actual value. In this way AVR maintains the terminal voltage of alternator at a fixed value irrespective of variation of loads.
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