Answer Posted / anuj kumar

Every type of steel has "grains" which consist of "
domains". These "domains" are nothing but electrica
l charges
oriented in any random direction. Therefore if a Tr
ansformer were to be made of Mild Steel used as cor
e material,
the core loss would be approx. 16 to 17 w/kg at 1.5
T/50Hz and the size of the Transformer would be app
rox. 18 to
20 times the size of a Transformer manufactured wit
h GO steels.
The main difference between regular "carbon" steels
and GO steels are:
1.
The size of the "grains" in GO steels are purposely
"grown" and made bigger and are about 10 times the
size of the grains in regular steel, thereby reduci
ng the hystereses losses. The size of grains in CGO
S is 2
mm to 5mm and HGOS is 5mm to 20mm. In regular steel
s the size of a grain is less than 0.5mm.
2.
The grains in GO steels are all aligned almost para
llel to the direction of rolling of the steel (i.e.
the length
of the steel). The angle of mis-orientation (i.e. d
eviation from the rolling direction) is maximum 7%
for
conventional GO and less than 3% for Hi-B GO steels
. This reduces the hystereses losses as "switching"
(explained later) becomes easier within the domains
.
3.
The chemical composition of the GO steels has about
3.2% of Silicon as an alloy, thereby increasing th
e
specified volume resistivity of the steel, thereby
reducing the eddy currents. GO Steels are also
decarbonised and have no more than 0.06% of carbon
in their chemical composition, which prevents
aeging of the steel.
4.
There is a special carlite insulation coating on th
e steel, which reduces the inter-laminar eddy curre
nt
losses within the core.

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