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Answer Posted / balu kalkur
Waterfall model
It is a traditional model
It is a sequential design process, often used in SDLC, in
which the progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards
(like a waterfall), through the different phases :
Requirements Collection :-
- done by Business Analysts and Product Analysts
- gathering requirements
- translates business language into software language
For ex, let us consider the example of a banking software.
Feasibility Study :-
- done by software team consisting of project managers,
business analysts, architects, finance, HR, developers but
not testers
- architect – is the person who tells whether the product
can be developed and if yes, then which technology is best
suited to develop it.
- here we check for,
- technical feasibility
- financial feasibility
- resource feasibility
Design :-
There are 2 stages in design,
HLD – High Level Design
LLD – Low Level Design
HLD – gives the architecture of the software product to be
developed and is done by architects and senior developers
LLD – done by senior developers. It describes how each and
every feature in the product should work and how every
component should work. Here, only the design will be there
and not the code.
For ex, let us consider the example of building a house.
Coding / Programming :-
- done by all developers – seniors, juniors, freshers
- this is the process where we start building the software
and start writing the code for the product.
Testing :-
- done by test engineers
- it is the process of checking for all defects and
rectifying it.
Installation :-
- done by installation engineers
- to install the product at a client’s place for using after
the software has been developed and tested.
For ex, consider the example of a software to be developed
and installed at Reliance petrol bunk.
Maintenance:-
- here as the customer uses the product, he finds certain
bugs and defects and sends the product back for error
correction and bug fixing.
- bug fixing takes place
- minor changes like adding, deleting or modifying any small
feature in the software product
100 % testing is not possible – because, the way testers
test the product is different from the way customers use the
product....
Drawbacks of Waterfall Model :-
In waterfall model, backtracking is not possible i.e, we
cannot back and change requirements once the design stage is
reached. Change in requirements – leads to change in design
– thus bugs enter the design – which leads to change in code
which results in more bugs. Thus the requirements are
freezed once the design of the product is started.
Drawback of requirements freezing – the customer may not be
satisfied if the changes he requires is not incorporated in
the product. The end result of waterfall model is not a
flexible product.
Major drawback of waterfall model – testing is a small phase
which is done after coding. Requirement is not tested,
design is not tested, if there is a bug in the requirement,
it goes on till the end and leads to lot of re-work.
Advantages of waterfall model – requirements do not change
nor does design and code, so we get a stable product.
Applications of waterfall model :-
Used in – developing a simple application
- for short term projects
- whenever we are sure that the requirements
will not change
For ex, waterfall model can be used in developing a simple
calculator as the functions of addition, subtraction etc and
the numbers will not change for a long time.
| Is This Answer Correct ? | 32 Yes | 3 No |
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