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Answer Posted / uttiya hazra
1.The orifice plate can easily be changed to accomodate widely different flow rates, whereas the throat diameter of a venturi is fixed, so that its range of flow rates is circumscribed by the practical limits of Dp.
2.The orifice meter has a large permanent loss of pressure because of the presence of eddies on the downstream side of the orifice-plate; the shape of the venturi meter prevents the formation OS these eddies and greatly reduces the permanent loss.
3.The orifice is cheap and easy to install. The venturi meter is expensive, as it must be carefully proportioned and fabricated. A home made orifice is often entirely satisfactory, whereas a venturi meter is practically always purchased from an instrument dealer.
4.On the other hand, the head lost in the orifice for the same conditions as in the venturi is many times greater. The power lost is proportionally greater, and, when an orifice is inserted in a line carrying fluid continuously over long periods of time, the cost of the power may be out of all proportion to the saving in first cost. Orifices are therefore best used for testing purposes or other cases where the power lost is not a factor, as in steam lines.
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Calculate the maximum pressure drop that can be allowed to occur across a control valve, so that we can prevent cavitation / flashing from occurring. Use the following formula: Δ P allow = Km (P1 – PvapourA) where, Δ P allow - the maximum allowable differential pressure for sizing purposes, or terminal pressure drop; Km- the valve recovery coefficient from the manufacturer’s catalogue; P1 - absolute inlet fluid pressure; PvapourA - absolute fluid vapour pressure at the inlet temperature; Use Atmospheric pressure = 101.3 kPa, P1 = 1200 kPa(g), PvapourA = 4 kPa, KM = 0.72
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