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Answer Posted / shaik ishak
The OSI Network Model Standard
The OSI network model layers are arranged here from the
lower levels starting with the physical (hardware) to the
higher levels.
Physical Layer - The actual hardware.
Data Link Layer - Data transfer method (802x ethernet).
Puts data in frames and ensures error free transmission.
Also controls the timing of the network transmission. Adds
frame type, address, and error control information. IEEE
divided this layer into the two following sublayers.
Logical Link control (LLC) - Maintains the Link between two
computers by establishing Service Access Points (SAPs)
which are a series of interface points. IEEE 802.2.
Media Access Control (MAC) - Used to coordinate the sending
of data between computers. The 802.3, 4, 5, and 12
standards apply to this layer. If you hear someone talking
about the MAC address of a network card, they are referring
to the hardware address of the card.
Network Layer - IP network protocol. Routes messages using
the best path available.
Transport Layer - TCP, UDP. Ensures properly sequenced and
error free transmission.
Session Layer - The user's interface to the network.
Determines when the session is begun or opened, how long it
is used, and when it is closed. Controls the transmission
of data during the session. Supports security and name
lookup enabling computers to locate each other.
Presentation Layer - ASCII or EBCDEC data syntax. Makes the
type of data transparent to the layers around it. Used to
translate date to computer specific format such as byte
ordering. It may include compression. It prepares the data,
either for the network or the application depending on the
direction it is going.
Application Layer - Provides services software applications
need. Provides the ability for user applications to
interact with the network
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