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Answer Posted / rhaman
RTD's employ the property that the electrical resistance of metals varies with temperature. They are positive temperature coefficient (PTC) sensors whose resistance increases with temperature. The main metals in use are platinum and nickel. The most widely used sensor is the 100 ohm or 1000 ohm RTD or platinum resistance thermometer.
RTD�s are the most accurate sensors for industrial applications and also offer the best long-term stability. A representative value for the accuracy of a platinum resistance is +0.5 percent of the measured temperature. After one year there may be a shift of +0.05�C through aging. Platinum resistance thermometers can cover temperature ranges from -200 to 800�C
Thermocouples are based on the effect that the junction between two different metals produces a voltage which increases with temperature. Compared with resistance thermometers they offer the clear advantage of a higher upper temperature limit, up to several thousand degrees Celsius. Their long-term stability is somewhat worse (a few degrees after one year), the measuring accuracy is slightly poorer (on the average +0.75% of the measurement range). They are frequently used in ovens, furnaces, flue gas measurements and other areas with temperatures above about 250�C.
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