What is the difference among deadlock avoidance, detection
and prevention?
Answer Posted / avinash raipuria
*
Deadlock Prevention:
o Preventing deadlocks by constraining how
requests for resources can be made in the system and how
they are handled (system design).
o The goal is to ensure that at least one of the
necessary conditions for deadlock can never hold.
*
Deadlock Avoidance:
o The system dynamically considers every request
and decides whether it is safe to grant it at this point,
o The system requires additional apriori
information regarding the overall potential use of each
resource for each process.
o Allows more concurrency.
Similar to the difference between a traffic light
and a police officer directing traffic.
* Deadlock deduction:-
Often, neither avoidance nor deadlock
prevention may be used. Instead deadlock detection and
process restart are used by employing an algorithm that
tracks resource allocation and process states, and rolls
back and restarts one or more of the processes in order to
remove the deadlock. Detecting a deadlock that has already
occurred is easily possible since the resources that each
process has locked and/or currently requested are known to
the resource scheduler or OS.
Detecting the possibility of a deadlock before it occurs is
much more difficult and is, in fact, generally undecidable,
because the halting problem can be rephrased as a deadlock
scenario. However, in specific environments, using specific
means of locking resources, deadlock detection may be
decidable. In the general case, it is not possible to
distinguish between algorithms that are merely waiting for a
very unlikely set of circumstances to occur and algorithms
that will never finish because of deadlock.
Deadlock detection techniques include, but is not limited
to, Model checking. This approach constructs a Finite
State-model on which it performs a progress analysis and
finds all possible terminal sets in the model. These then
each represent a deadlock.
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