1. Define the following along with examples
a. Boundary Value testing
b. Equivalence testing
c. Error Guessing
d. Desk checking
e. Control Flow analysis

Answer Posted / ramyab.mca@gmail.com

Hai...

a) Boundary value Analysis: –
A process of selecting test cases/data by
identifying the boundaries that separate valid and invalid
conditions. Tests are constructed to test the inside and
outside edges of these boundaries, in addition to the
actual boundary points. or A selection technique in which
test data are chosen to lie along “boundaries” of the input
domain [or output range] classes, data structures,
procedure parameters, etc. Choices often include maximum,
minimum, and trivial values or parameters.

E.g. – Input data 1 to 10 (boundary value)
Test input data 0, 1, 2 to 9, 10, 11

b) Equivalence testing: –
The input domain of the system is
partitioned into classes of representative values, so that
the no of test cases can be limited to one-per-class, which
represents the minimum no. of test cases that must be
executed.

E.g.- valid data range: 1-10
Test set:-2; 5; 14

c) Error guessing: –
Test data selection technique. The selection
criterion is to pick values that seem likely to cause
errors Error guessing is based mostly upon experience, with
some assistance from other techniques such as boundary
value analysis. Based on experience, the test designer
guesses the types of errors that could occur in a
particular type of software and designs test cases to
uncover them.

E.g. – For example, if any type of resource is allocated
dynamically, a good place to look for errors is in the de-
allocation of resources. Are all resources correctly
deallocated, or are some lost as the software executes?

d) Desk checking: –
Desk checking is conducted by the developer of
the system or program. The process involves reviewing the
complete product to ensure that it is structurally sound
and that the standards and requirements have been met. This
is the most traditional means for analyzing a system or
program.

e) Control Flow Analysis: –
It is based upon graphical representation of the
program process. In control flow analysis; the program
graphs has nodes which represent a statement or segment
possibly ending in an unresolved branch. The graph
illustrates the flow of program control from one segment to
another as illustrated through branches .the objective of
control flow analysis is to determine the potential
problems in logic branches that might result in a loop
condition or improper processing.

K,Byeeee...
Thanks & Regards
B.Ramyasri

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