Answer Posted / chhote lal
by the help of P we calculate the error signal
Error signal=SP-PV (How Much)in the timming of pid tunning.
By the help of I we Remove the offset error-it will decide
how long the error exit in the cycle inthe timming of pid
tunning.
And by the help od D we fasten the control action-it will
decide how fast the control action to remove the error
without any overshoot for failure cycle.
at last
P=How Much(present)
I=How Long(past)
D=How Fast(future)
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Calculate the maximum pressure drop that can be allowed to occur across a control valve, so that we can prevent cavitation / flashing from occurring. Use the following formula: Δ P allow = Km (P1 – PvapourA) where, Δ P allow - the maximum allowable differential pressure for sizing purposes, or terminal pressure drop; Km- the valve recovery coefficient from the manufacturer’s catalogue; P1 - absolute inlet fluid pressure; PvapourA - absolute fluid vapour pressure at the inlet temperature; Use Atmospheric pressure = 101.3 kPa, P1 = 1200 kPa(g), PvapourA = 4 kPa, KM = 0.72
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