Why do we use solid shafts for transfer of power in case of
pumps/ turbines & other machines why we use a hollow shaft
(pipe) in universal joints of automobiles; although the
rated load and twist is approx. the same?
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Answer Posted / mc
Although the rated load and twist may be ~ the same, a "hollow shaft" (pipe) is used in universal joints of automobiles for several reasons. The "moment of inertia" of the entire section is reduced because of the fact that there is a decreased cross-sectional area. Pipe offers a high quality strength to weight ratio (Strong + Light Weight) which automobiles require to improve gas mileage. The deflection of a solid shaft compared to a pipe is insignificant, pipe offers a substantially larger tolerance of deflection.
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