what are active and Passive Components?

Answer Posted / brijen somaiya

Passive components are components that don't require power
being applied in order for them to work. A transformer would
be considered an active component because it requires power
to operate, while a capacitor, resistor and similar items
are considered passive, and many perform multiple functions.
For instance, a capacitor will pass AC while storing DC, a
resistor can be used to limit voltage or current, etc.

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