Why in a three pin plug the earth pin is thicker and longer
than the other pins?

Answer Posted / jeff

For electrical safety reasons the longer earth pin is the
first pin to establish contact when all three pins (earth,
active and neutral)are inserted into a socket. It is also
the last pin to be disengaged.

This means that any exposed conductive parts of equipment
to earth are:
(a)made automatically, before the live connections are made,
when any plug portion is inserted in the corresponding
socket-outlet; and
(b) broken automatically, not before the live connections
are broken, when any plug portion is withdrawn from the
corresponding socket-outlet.

The larger csa of the earthpin allows any fault current
(active to earth) to flow easily through the pin/socket
connection.

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