Answer Posted / sonia

span of management is also known as span of supervision and
span of control or span of responsibility.It is well
developed concept of classical organization theory .It
refers to the number of persons a manager ca control
effectively to accomplish the desired objectives of the
organization.It is a numerical limit of subordinates to be
supervised,directed and controlled by a manager.Thus it
indicates number of subordinates who report directly to the
manager.
FACTORS..
1.Ability of the supervisor.
2.ability of the employees.
3.Nature of work.
4.Use of staff assitance.
5.Use of standing plans.

Gracunas's theory....
v.A Granuas,a French management consultant developed a
mathematical concept of superior-subordinate
relationships.He has proved that a number of direct,group
and cross relationships exist between a manager and his
subordinates. With an increase in the number of subordinates
reporting to a manager,the number of direct and group
relationship increases.in direct relationship the number of
direct single relationships will be equal to the number of
subordinates under one superior.and group relationship means
the relationship of subordinate in the groups of two or
three with the superior.He has given the following formula
for finding out the group relationships:-

n[(2n/n)-1]in this 'n' is number of subordinates.
cross relationship is the relationship among different
subordinates working under the common superior.The formula
for finding out the cross relationship is:-
n(n-1)

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