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What is the maximum range of a general Radar
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Answer Posted / niravpbhatt
Band Name Frequency Range Wavelength Range Notes
HF 3–30 MHz 10–100 m coastal radar systems, over-the-
horizon radar (OTH) radars; 'high frequency'
P < 300 MHz 1 m+ 'P' for 'previous', applied
retrospectively to early radar systems
VHF 50–330 MHz 0.9–6 m very long range, ground
penetrating; 'very high frequency'
UHF 300–1000 MHz 0.3–1 m very long range (e.g. ballistic
missile early warning), ground penetrating, foliage
penetrating; 'ultra high frequency'
L 1–2 GHz 15–30 cm long range air traffic control and
surveillance; 'L' for 'long'
S 2–4 GHz 7.5–15 cm terminal air traffic control, long-
range weather, marine radar; 'S' for 'short'
C 4–8 GHz 3.75–7.5 cm Satellite transponders; a compromise
(hence 'C') between X and S bands; weather
X 8–12 GHz 2.5–3.75 cm missile guidance, marine radar,
weather, medium-resolution mapping and ground surveillance;
in the USA the narrow range 10.525 GHz ±25 MHz is used for
airport radar. Named X band because the frequency was a
secret during WW2.
Ku 12–18 GHz 1.67–2.5 cm high-resolution mapping, satellite
altimetry; frequency just under K band (hence 'u')
K 18–24 GHz 1.11–1.67 cm from German kurz, meaning 'short';
limited use due to absorption by water vapour, so Ku and Ka
were used instead for surveillance. K-band is used for
detecting clouds by meteorologists, and by police for
detecting speeding motorists. K-band radar guns operate at
24.150 ± 0.100 GHz.
Ka 24–40 GHz 0.75–1.11 cm mapping, short range, airport
surveillance; frequency just above K band (hence 'a') Photo
radar, used to trigger cameras which take pictures of
license plates of cars running red lights, operates at
34.300 ± 0.100 GHz.
mm 40–300 GHz 7.5 mm – 1 mm millimetre band, subdivided as
below. The frequency ranges depend on waveguide size.
Multiple letters are assigned to these bands by different
groups. These are from Baytron, a now defunct company that
made test equipment.
Q 40–60 GHz 7.5 mm – 5 mm Used for Military communication.
V 50–75 GHz 6.0–4 mm Very strongly absorbed by the
atmosphere.
E 60–90 GHz 6.0–3.33 mm
W 75–110 GHz 2.7 – 4.0 mm used as a visual sensor for
experimental autonomous vehicles, high-resolution
meteorological observation, and imaging.
UWB 1.6–10.5 GHz 18.75 cm – 2.8 cm used for through the
wall radar and imaging systems.
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