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Answer Posted / amit arora
TDMA
Time division multiple access (TDMA) is a channel access
method for shared medium (usually radio) networks. It
allows several users to share the same frequency channel by
dividing the signal into different time slots. The users
transmit in rapid succession, one after the other, each
using his own time slot. This allows multiple stations to
share the same transmission medium (e.g. radio frequency
channel) while using only a part of its channel capacity.
TDMA is used in the digital 2G cellular systems such as
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), IS-136,
Personal Digital Cellular (PDC) and iDEN, and in the
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT)
standard for portable phones. It is also used extensively
in satellite systems, and combat-net radio systems.
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access or FDMA is a channel
access method used in multiple-access protocols as a
channelization protocol. FDMA gives users an individual
allocation of one or several frequency bands, allowing them
to utilize the allocated radio spectrum without interfering
with each other. Multiple Access systems coordinate access
between multiple users. The users may also share access via
different methods such TDMA, CDMA, or SDMA. These protocols
are utilized differently, at different levels of the
theoretical OSI model.
Features
FDMA requires high-performing filters in the radio
hardware, in contrast to TDMA and CDMA.
FDMA is not vulnerable to timing problems as TDMA. Since a
predetermined frequency band is available for the entire
period of communication, stream data (a continuous flow of
data that may not be packetized) can easily be used with
FDMA.
Due to the frequency filtering, FDMA is not sensitive to
near-far problem which is pronounced for CDMA.
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