Answer Posted / saurabh

Its using Virtual functions.
When compiler encounters virtual keyword in an function
defination, instead of binding to the function directly,
the compiler writes a bit of dispatch code that at runtime
will look at calling objects realtype and calls the
function accordingly.

EX.

class baseClass
{

protected virtual void PrintMessage()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hi From Base Class");
}
}

class derivedClass : baseClass
{
protected override void PrintMessage()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hi From Derived Class");
}

}

public static void Main()
{
baseClass b = new baseClass();
baseClass bd = new derivedClass();

b.PrintMessage(); // prints "Hi From Base Class"
bd.PrintMessage(); // prints "Hi From Derived Class"
}

Here the runtime detects the correct type of object stored
in bd i.e. derivedClass and calls dericedClass
implementation of PrintMessage().

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