Interview Questions Answers in Linux Commands

What does the 'cd' command do in Linux?

Answer

To change the current directory in Linux, use the 'cd' command. For example, you would use 'cd Documents' to navigate to the 'Documents' subdirectory if you were in the home directory.

Find someone who can demonstrate how the 'cd' command can be used with both absolute and relative routes, giving instances of each. This demonstrates their practical filesystem navigation experience.

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Question { 1630 }

How would you check the available disk space on a Linux system?

Answer

You can use the 'df' command, which stands for 'disk free', to see how much disk space is available on a Linux machine. Details regarding the disk space usage of the file system are provided by this command.

A smart response will point out that the space should be displayed in GB or MB rather than blocks by using 'df -h' for a more understandable format. This illustrates their capacity for clear data interpretation and presentation.

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Question { 1780 }

What is the purpose of the 'chmod' command?

Answer

To modify the file permissions in Linux, use the 'chmod' command. You can specify who has the ability to read, write, and execute a file or directory with this command.

The various permission settings (read, write, and execute) and how to use both symbolic and numeric modes should be explained by candidates. This shows that they know how to handle file security.

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Question { 1556 }

How do you view the contents of a file in Linux?

Answer

To view the contents of a file under Linux, you can use the 'cat', 'less','more', and 'tail' commands. Depending on the file size and required information, each command has a specific use case.

'cat' displays the full file at once, 'less' and'more' allow for paginated browsing, and 'tail' displays the final few lines. Candidates should explain these differences. This demonstrates how adaptable they are in managing various situations.

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Question { 1519 }

Explain how you would find a specific string in a file.

Answer

You can use the 'grep' program to locate a certain string in a file. 'grep "search_string" filename', for instance, will look for'search_string' inside 'filename' and show the lines that match.

An ideal applicant will be aware of extra options like 'grep -i' for case-insensitive searches and 'grep -r' for recursive directory searches. This indicates a deeper comprehension of the proper use of 'grep'.

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Question { 1561 }

How do you list all the files in a directory, including hidden files?

Answer

The 'ls -a' program is used to list every file in a directory, including hidden files. In Linux, hidden files begin with a dot (.), and 'ls -a' guarantees that they are also visible.

Additionally, candidates should use 'ls -l' to obtain a comprehensive listing that includes ownership, modification dates, and file permissions. This demonstrates their ability to retrieve detailed file information.

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Question { 1632 }

What is the purpose of the 'ps' command?

Answer

To get details about the processes that are executing at the moment, use the 'ps' command. It gives information like the process ID (PID), the process's terminal, CPU consumption, and more.

Seek applicants who can describe how to use 'ps aux' to obtain a more thorough list of all processes and their characteristics. This demonstrates their capacity for efficient system process monitoring and management.

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Question { 1550 }

How do you check the current system uptime in Linux?

Answer

The 'uptime' command can be used to determine the system's uptime right now. This command shows the current time, the number of users, the average system load, and the duration of the system's operation.

An explanation of the load average and its significance in comprehending system performance will be part of a compelling response. This shows how well the candidate can evaluate the health of the system.

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Question { 1833 }

How would you monitor real-time system performance in Linux?

Answer

Candidates may include 'top' and 'htop' as tools for tracking system performance in real time. A dynamic view of the system, including CPU, memory, and load average utilization, is displayed by these instructions.

Using 'iostat' for I/O statistics and 'vmstat' for memory statistics provides an additional choice. Performance optimization may benefit greatly from the more thorough breakdown of system resource utilization that these tools offer.

Seek applicants who can describe the significance of tracking various metrics and how they would use this data to identify and address performance problems.

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Question { 1501 }

Explain how you would manage background and foreground processes in Linux.

Answer

Commands like 'bg', 'fg', and 'jobs' are used to manage background and foreground processes. 'jobs' lists all jobs launched in the current session, 'fg' brings a process to the foreground, and 'bg' sends it to the background.

For instance, you can use Ctrl+Z to suspend a process that is running in the foreground and then use 'bg' to continue running it in the background if you need to free up the terminal.

The best answers will demonstrate an awareness of process management and include situations where managing background processes is required, including when lengthy scripts or maintenance activities are being performed.

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Question { 1717 }

What are the main components of a Linux system?

Answer

The main components of a Linux system are the kernel, shell, and file system.

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Question { 1625 }

What is the role of the Linux kernel?

Answer

The Linux kernel is the core component of the operating system that manages system resources and provides services to applications.

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Question { 1773 }

What are some popular Linux distributions?

Answer

Popular Linux distributions include Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, CentOS, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

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Question { 1809 }

How do you change file permissions in Linux?

Answer

The "chmod" command is used to change file permissions in Linux. For example, "chmod 755 filename" sets read, write, and execute permissions for the owner and read and execute permissions for others.

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Question { 1702 }

How do you find files in Linux?

Answer

The "find" command is used to search for files and directories in Linux based on various criteria like name, size, and permissions.

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