Answer / Kumar Nishant Gahlaut

The transfer characteristics of a CMOS inverter describe its behavior as an input voltage varies. It is a graphical representation of the output voltage vs. input voltage. The inverter has two active transistors, NMOS and PMOS, which act as switches. When the input voltage (Vin) is high, NMOS is ON while PMOS is OFF, causing a high output voltage (Vout). Conversely, when Vin is low, NMOS is OFF while PMOS is ON, resulting in a low Vout. The transfer characteristics show these two regions as a linear region and a saturation region.

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