select max(sal),ename from emp where sal=(select max(sal) 
from emp) group by ename;

select sal,ename from emp where sal=(select max(sal) from 
emp);

SELECT ename,MAX(sal) 
  FROM EMP
  GROUP BY ename;

in char it allocates the memory space as static where as in 
varchar2 it allocates the memory space as dynamic


OR

char is a space mapping function where as in varchar2 it is 
not mapping the space it occupies the exact size of the 
string

Implicit cursors:  SQL%ISOPEN always returns FALSE, 
indicating that the implicit cursor has been closed.

I hope below example gives you very fair idea.

SQL> BEGIN
  2     UPDATE employee
  3        SET salary = salary *2
  4     WHERE id = '01';
  5
  6  IF not SQL%ISOPEN THEN
  7       DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('closed');
  8  END IF;
  9  END;
 10  /
closed

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Thanks
-Pr@$@d

Dear friend
,
you can use this select statement:-

select trim(translate(TASK_NUMBER,'.0123456789',' ')) from 
PA_TASKS;
For example:-
select trim(translate('1.1.3NN','.0123456789',' ')) from 
dual;

it will give NN as output 

if value format same like this then you can use substr 
function also for it like this:-
select substr(TASK_NUMBER,-2) from PA_TASKS ;
For example:-

select substr('1.1.3NN',-2) from dual; 

it will give NN as answer.

select substr(task_number,-2) from pa_task;

Hi friend,

As you know that market is poor now, however my kind 
suggestion is that please learn Unix shell scripting also. 

You must have good exposure in SQL and PL/SQL and unix , if 
you have idea about Oracle forms & reports it is added 
advantage.

If possible please get certified in OCA and OCP. 

If you have any queries do mail to prasadreddi_mca@yahoo.com

Thanks
-Pe@$@d.

HI,
This is not a big job
$ su orcale10g
$sql plus
username/password-scott/tiger

If not connected just mail me on my mail id
omkarp.joshi@yahoo.co.uk

Select No,Name,to_char(Sal,'$9999.99') amount from emp;

select no, name,
case amount/abs(amount) when 1 then amount else 0 end credit,
case amount/abs(amount) when -1 then amount else 0 end Debit
from account

select sno,name,decode(sign(amount),1,0,amount)debit,decode
(sign(amount),-1,0,amount)credit from account
/

select no, name,
case amount/abs(amount) when 1 then amount else 0 end credit,
case amount/abs(amount) when -1 then amount else 0 end Debit
from account

Structured Query Language

SQL abbriveated as "Structured Query Language".It is used 
to interact with the database.

This is an acronyms wherein S stands for Structures, Q 
stands for  Query and L for Language.
It was named as Structured English Query Language that is 
SEQUEL

sql acronym is structured query language.it is a standard
language used in the development of any rdbms tool.
it is developed by E.F.CODD.

delete From <table>;

truncate table <tbl_nm>

Delete from table name where row_id not in (select min(no)
from table_name group by no)

delete from table name;
or truncate table name;

Cursor is used to process multiple rows using pl/sql.

Cursor : It's a private SQL worksheet area where we can 
execute SQL commands and processing information.
The purpose of the Cursor is,  PL/SQL execution block will 
process only one records means it will return only one 
records.If we want to retrieve or process more number of 
records we use the "Cursors". 
These are of two types.
1. Implicit Cursor 2. Explicit cursors.

Thank you,
Suresh