web.Config: Web.Config file is maintained within a 
particular Web application and the Configuration setting 
specified within web.config file is applicable to that 
application only.

Machin.Config: Machin.Config file is maintained within .Net 
framework derectories and configuration setting within 
Machin.Config file affects all the managed application 
deployed on that machin

1. web.config and machine.config both are the configuration 
files
2. web.config files contains settings specific to a web 
application, machine.config file contains settings to 
computer.
3. configuration system first searches settings in the 
machine.config file next look at web.config file
4. web.config file exists within the web application, 
machine.config file exists in the 
c:\windows\microsoft.net\framework\version\config file
5. if we remove web.config file it does not contains any 
connection string settings the web application will run, if 
we remove machine.config file no one windows and web 
application will run.

System.formatException Input string was not in a correct 
format.

if you would have declared and assigned some value to the
variable "i" then it will execute.

Compilation Error  Character(?) is not valid.

no it will not work complation error

Once records poulated into DataSet, the DataSet is placed 
into server memory. Then connectiion is disconncted.

THE DATASET PLACED INTO SERVER MEMORY.THEN CONNECTION IN
DISCONNECTED.

Whenever we retrive data we get it retrived through
Dataadapter(bridge betn database and dataset).Then
connection can be closed.and that Dataadapter fills data in
dataset object by .Fill method. So now we have data for
handling in dataset object(which holds data in memory untill
is cleared). Thus it is disconnected architecture.

There are 3 types of caching
1.Page caching
2.Fragment Caching
3.Output Caching

Caching is 3 types
1.Output Cacheing or Page cacheing
2.Fragment Cacheing
3.Data Cacheing

caching means frequently used data on to the temporary memory
3 type of cachings are there 
1.output caching:when cache apply to entire page output on
to the temporary memory
2.fragment cache:when cache apply to different portions of
web page
3.datacaching:when cache apply to memory variables.

there r thrr type of authentication mechanism in asp.net:

Form Authentication
Window Authentication
Passport Authentication

Authentication
Authentication refers to the method used by the server to 
verify the clients’ identity. This feature provides methods 
to authenticate clients via a set of standardized and 
reusable methods that require little or no modification. 
The methods available to developers are:
None – This method does nothing.
Windows Authentication – Attempts to verify users by 
validating supplied credentials using authentication 
methods used by the Windows operating system. This includes 
NTLM (NT LanMan) and Kerberos (for systems running versions 
more current than Windows NT 4.0). Windows authentication 
is used by default if no method is explicitly selected.
IIS Authentication – Uses authentication methods provided 
by the IIS Web server.
Passport Authentication – Verifies users through the use of 
the Microsoft Passport authentication server.
Forms Authentication – Allows for application developers to 
provide a form for authenticating users in a standardized 
way. User accounts can be made specific to the application 
and stored in the web.config file.

ASP (Active Server Pages) and ASP.NET are both server side 
technologies for building web sites and web applications .

ASP.NET is Managed compiled code - asp is interpreted. and 
ASP.net is fully Object oriented.

ASP.NET has been entirely re-architected to provide a 
highly productive programming experience based on the .NET 
Framework, and a robust infrastructure for building 
reliable and scalable web applications.

ASP:
1) this supports scripting languages,generally scripting 
languages are interpreter based,so execution will be 
slow,and no proper management

2)no server side controls

3)supports inpage technique

4) supports inprocess session

5)uses ADO for database connectivity

6)manual coding to perform validations

7)supports entire page caching towards client side

ASP.NET:

1) supports .net languages.these r compiler based,so 
execution will be fast

2)supports server side controls

3)supports inpage ,code behind techniques

4)supports in process,out process session

5) no manual coding to perform validation

6)supports 3 types of caching
   a)out put caching
   b) fragment caching
   c) data caching

CLR common Language Runtime : It is a runtime excution 
engine for all the applications developed using .Net 
Framework.

Some of the Uses Of it are :
Automatic memory management,garbage collection,code 
execution,type safety, versioning , and some other system 
services...

CLR is Excutive environment of .NET Applications.
.Net source code converted into MSIL code and then CLR 
converts machine understanable code by using JIT compliers.
CLR takes care about of Code Access Security,Gerbage 
Collector,Converting compile code to mechine understable 
code,versioning and etc

DATASET:
The dataset is a in-memory representation of data.
DataSet is made up of a collection of DataTable objects. 
It can be considered as a local copy of the relevant 
portions of the database. 
The data is persisted in memory and the data in it can be 
manipulated and updated independent of the database. When 
the use of this dataset is finished, changes can made back 
to the central database for updating. 
The data in dataset can be loaded from any valid 
datasources like Microsoft SQL Server database, an Oracle 
database or a Microsoft Access database.
USES:
1. You normally use datasets to hold results of database 
queries, but you can also create them on the fly and 
populate them programmatically. 
2. The DataSet object has characteristics that make it 
suitable for persisting application settings: It can hold 
hierarchical data in the Tables collection, and you can use 
the WriteXml() method to save the entire dataset into an 
XML file with a simple call: 

ds.WriteXml(strFileName, 
   XmlWriteMode.WriteSchema);
3. We can seperate data layer from presentation layer by 
using class or dataset in .net 2.0.
4. The DataSet in .Net rocks, it provides so much        
functionality for free, that it makes it the prefered data 
transport mechanism between the presentation layer and the 
buisiness layer, when dealing with a pure .Net technology 
stack then DataSet's are the way to go. 
5. DataSet has some powerful XML-related capabilities. For 
example, you can serialize a DataSet into XML through its 
WriteXml() method; conversely, you can populate a DataSet 
from a properly formatted XML stream using the DataSet's 
ReadXml() method.

dataset solved a lot of handling huge amount of data.The
dataset when pointed to stored procedures can be able to
load data of many tables and can be accessed at any instant
any record.

1. datasert is connection less in memory representation of 
the data xml represention.
2. once the data load into dataset their is no need to 
maintain the live  connection.
3.once dataset is collection of any no.of datatable 
objects.the information of these table may be taken from 
diff datasource.
4.the dataset updatable
5.the data set will represent the information inthe xml 
format internally

dataset are tow types
typed dataset typeddataset and untypeddataset
typedataset is xml format
untypeddataset is textformat
dataset as any modifications create insert delete insert 
update & edit
dataset like as database

Common Type System CTS :A fundamental part of the .NET 
Framework's Common Language Runtime (CLR), the CTS 
specifies no particular syntax or keywords, but instead 
defines a common set of types that can be used with many 
different language syntaxes.

Common Language Specification  (CLS):The Common Language 
Specification  (CLS) describes a set of features that 
different languages have in common.
The CLS includes a subset of the Common Type System (CTS).

The CLR is a multi-language execution environment

CLR
this is common language runtime.the code which is in 
environment of clr is called managed code.every language 
has runtime in case of .net there is CLR.so that that has 
some responsibilites that is to tack care of the execution 
of code
other responsibilites 
garbage collection-in that it remove the object which are 
not refered for long time.using Idisposable interface with 
dispose method

Jit compiler also convert IT to native code
In that include exception handling.etc

Cls
common language spefication
thsi is guideline that to communicate smoothly with other

CTS
common type system
this is used to communicate with other language.
example  in vb we have int and in c++ we have long so that 
in one case they are not compatiable with each other so 
that CTS palys important role with using System.int32

oracledataprovider for .net. it is used when we are working 
with databases 0racle8i/9i and later versions.

Disconnected architecture

Unlike ADO, ADO.NET contains dataset object which acts in a 
disconnected mode.

it consist of 
dataset
datarelation
datatable
datacolumn
datarow

it consists of
Dataset
dataRelation
datatable
datacolumn
datarow

it consists of:

1)SQlconnection
2)Sqlcommand
3)SqlDataAdaptor
4)SqlDataReader
5)DataSet
6)DataRow
7)DataColumn

ADO.NET consists of the assemblies, types and routines 
needed for making connection to database so as to  
facilitate the clients(users) with simpler and secured way 
of retrival and updating of data residing in the database.

ADO.NET is a data accessing technology provided by .NET.
It has differnt namespaces which contains different data 
faunctioning classes.
namespaces are:
1.System.data
2.System.data.oledb
3.System.data.sqlclient
4.system.xml

In 3-tier Architecture, three layers are 
1. Presentation Layer -> For Only Presentation & Post the
Data to Business Object layer &  Vice versa
2. Business Object Layer -> For Verfication & Posting the
Data to Data Access Layer & Vice versa
3. Data Access Layer -> Deals with the Database
Ado.Net - Comes in DAL Layer ( Data Access Layer)
XML Webservies - Comes in BOL Layer (Business Object Layer)

JIT is Just in Time compiler which compiles the MSIL into 
NAtive code. there are 2 types of JITS.

There are three types of JIT copilers.

Pre-JIT. Pre-JIT compiles complete source code into native
code in a single compilation
cycle. This is done at the time of deployment of the
application.

Econo-JIT. Econo-JIT compiles only those methods that are
called at runtime.
However, these compiled methods are removed when they are
not required.

Normal-JIT. Normal-JIT compiles only those methods that are
called at runtime.
These methods are compiled the first time they are called,
and then they are stored in
cache. When the same methods are called again, the compiled
code from cache is
used for execution.

JIT  :Just In Time
      It converts MSIL code into Native code

It can be devided in 2 types

1.STANDARD JIT

2.ECONAMIC JIT