A, D

Hi ZaYanQ
these problems are really a good stuff but i want to say
that if you are going to place any  question on that site
plesase wait for at least 20 visit if in 20 visit no one is
providing answer then you can plase your answer here.
Please take it as a request.

Thank you
Jitendera kumar sinha

A, B

C. Full routing updates at regular intervals
   Bcoz it is the characteristics of Distance Vector.

HI Buddy.... Didn't get ur question.. Cud u explain
plzzz.... OG stands for...

Don't mind plzzzzz...

If u r talking about need of command: ip helper-address, thn
i can say about it.

In CCNA studies, we got to know that router always block the
broadcast traffic, dats fine.

But if ur organization's network is establish in such a way: 


   client-------Router------- DNS Server
                   !
                   !
                   !
                   !
                DHCP Server

Now... if ur pc want to locate DNS server thro broadcast,
broadcast traffic will come from client pc to all the way to
Router. 

Wat router will do now, Router will block all the broadacast
traffic. As we learn in our previous studies. Ryt....

So client PC will unable to locate DNS server, coz router
doesn't allow to broadcast the traffic. 

Same case, if Client PC want to gain IP address, it will
broadcast...n requesting for IP address from DHCP server.

I hope u knw the DHCP process, I mean "DORA" process. In
this case also router block all the broadcast traffic.

So wats the solution for this.... 

By configuring IP address on the interface subconfig mode..
with the help of (ip helper-address A.B.C.D)....

wat it'll do, The UDP broadcasts traffics are translated
into a unicast by the router, making the communication
possible. 

The command should be configured on the interface that will
be receiving the broadcasts.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip helper-address A.B.C.D

where A.B.C.D is the IP address of ur DNS/DHCP server.

One more point is there, this ip-helper address doesn't
forward all the UDP broadcast.. it broadcast only 8 UDP
services.. like..

1. TIME, port 37
2. TACACS, port 49
3. DNS, port 53
4. BOOTP/DHCP Server, port 67
5. BOOTP/DHCP Client, port 68
6. TFTP, port 69
7. NetBIOS name service, port 137
8. NetBIOS datagram service, port 138

if u want to include any more UDp services the command is 

Router(config)#ip forward-protocol udp (port Number)

Hope this post helps u to understand the use of command n
circumstances of command when to use it n how to use it.

Looking forward ur feedback. If i did anymistake the let me
know plzzzzzzzzz...

Cheers.. hv a nice day buddy.

Hi shain
Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent

Excellent Excellent

This is to the point answer.Mogambo khooch hua.

thanku 
I donot know why this guy is writing like that i am not able
to provide that answer.
today i saw that prob on that all interview i was going to
reply by same way as you.
I think he have some problem with me

Hi shain 
Those day i am too much busy with the work so i can't make the brief answer so i think i have to place the link from which you and rest of all can read


Please refer this link_:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_3/ipaddr/command/reference/ip1_s1g.html#wp1082204

these colon indicates the port no. which is assigned by the
window automaticaly for example 10.1.1.1:14 in this ip
address 14 is the source port no.

Thnx jatin... now one more question arising in my mind..
whether it is using TCP port or UDP port....????

How can we identify it.???

router>en
router#config terminal
router(config)#router eigrp 10
router(config-router)#network 192.168.100.4

router(config)# router eigrp 10
router(config-router)#network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.3

hi
If you gurs are thinking that i am wromg for that answer 
then please make the correct answer
i think some guys are not able to under stand the problem 
what i am trying to ask
i am asking tha if we want to implemnt eigrp on router and 
if i want to no include the address 192.168.100.4 then what 
wiil we do
that is what should be comad for implemning that
i know some of guy thinking that in eigrp no wild mask can 
be implemetded
but my dear frinds it is poosible to make wild mask entry 
in the eigrp

Surprise...when cisco introduced this type of question in
their CCNA syllabus. 

Let us know buddy.

Hehehehehe... gud question. No answer from me... i m very
weak in this type of tricky question... Porbabilty &
possibility, Permutation & Combination weak hai mera.

Hi 
 this is not applicable for the your ccna syllabus but it is very usefull for the ccna exams becoz it msked you more treaky to solve the networking issue in limted time in exams.

In real world you only get the less time aprox 5 min to solve the issue so  this type of problem increase your menatl ability  to solve  the network issue

and shain it is not permutaions and combinations this is simple mide freak 
try it self

533.1/3 banana

http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/iseries/v6r1m0/index.jsp?topic=/rzaja/rzajaudpencap.htm


Please refer that link

AH is a protocol that provides authentication.
of either all or part of the contents of a datagram.
through the addition of a header that is calculated,
based on the values in the datagram.
What parts of the datagram are used for the calculation,
and the placement of the header, depends on the mode(tunnelor transport)and the version of IP (IPv4 or IPv6).
tunnel or transport-------
                               tunel
                                /\
                               /  \
                              /    \
                          tunel   transport
                            |        |
                            |        |
         protect all data pkt     protect only data portion  
now why it is not compatible with nat nat is mechanism.
to hide your personal ip sometime theoretically
it is a mechanism to convert private ip to public ip

___________________________________________________________
                      *******
The IPsec Authentication Header (AH) is a case in point. AH runs the entire IP packet, including invariant header fields like source and destination address, through a message digest algorithm to produce a keyed hash. 
This hash is used by the recipient to authenticate the packet. 
If any field in the original IP packet is modified, authentication will fail and the recipient will discard the packet. AH is intended to prevent unauthorized modification, source spoofing, and man-in-the-middle attacks. But NAT, by definition, \
modifies IP packets. Ergo, AH + NAT cannot work.

In the nat Ip filed is modified so some time Ah is not compatible with nat i am again saying SOME time. 


Thanku
Hope this will help to understand you the concepts.

Jitendera sinha

Client mode : Accepts,generates, Forwards vtp messages.
              At clientmode you cannot create VLAN's
               
Server mode: Accepts,generates, Forwards vtp messages.
              Default VTP mode of every Cisco Switch is 
Server mode
              At Server mode you can create VLAN's


Transperent Mode : In Cisco switch you cannot disable VTP, 
but you can neglect the VTP Messages by Enabling 
Transperent Mode. Transperent Mode is the mode in which you 
can Create VLAN's, But these Vlan informatation will not be 
sent to other switch as done in Server and Client mode

hi naveen are you confirmed about the transparent mode.i also reply that but this is wrong 

In transparent mode switch act like a hub and it simply allow to pass the data within them self

In server mode we can change vlans modify and delete and also the information is synchorized and information is saved in nvram
in client mode we cannot create modify, delete vlans information is synchronized and not saved in nvram
in tranperent mode we can change ,modify and delete , information is not synchornized and is saved in nv ram

Client mode : Accepts,generates, Forwards vtp messages.
              At clientmode you cannot create VLAN's
               
Server mode: Accepts,generates, Forwards vtp messages.
              Default VTP mode of every Cisco Switch is 
              At Server mode you can create VLAN's


Transperent Mode : In Cisco switch you cannot disable VTP, 
but you can neglect the VTP Messages by Enabling 
Transperent Mode. Transperent Mode is the mode in which you 
can Create VLAN's, But these Vlan informatation will not be 
sent to other switch as done in Server and Client mode

yes because in transparent mode information is not synchorized

Yes we can configure multiple AS on a single router using EIGRP.

For each AS, EIGRP maintains separate set of information
table, such as Neighbor table, Topology table & Routing table. 

EIGRP also maintains separate set of information table, such
as Neighbor table, Topology table & Routing table for each
Routed Protocol (IP, IPX & Apple talk).

Difference between Distance Vector & Link-state Protocol are
as follows- 

a) Distance vector protocol uses distance or hop count as
its metric to determine its best path to particular
destination, where as link-state protocol using current
congestion, cost as well as speed to determine its best path
to particular destination.

b) Distance vector protocol works by using Bellman ford
algorithm where as link-state protocol using Dijkstra algorithm.

c) Distance vector protocol sends update using broadcast,
where as link-state protocol sends updates using multicast.

d) Distance vector protocol sends periodic updates after a
regular interval, where as link-state protocol sends updates
if there is any changes in the network.

Note: Link-state protocol (Such as OSPF) sends entire
database after every 30 min.

e)Distance vector protocol sends it best route to other
router, where as link state protocol sends its links to
other routers.

f) Distance vector protocol is a classfull protocol i.e.
doesn't sends subnet mask information along with routing
updates, where as link state protocol is a classless
protocol, i.e. sends subnet mask information along with
routing updates.

g) Distance vector protocol doesn't support VLSM & CIDR
where as link-state protocol support VLSM & CIDR.


Thats all about difference between DV & LS. If anyone knows
somemore points thn plzzzzzz include...!!!

shain your answer is correct but what about the second para of that question

it is a completely theoretical answer.
write down any where what i am writing here

in the link state routing protocol the router send its routing table to only its link router.in another way which is directly connected to it

where ever in the distance vector whole routing table is delivered to the all router in the network.
that is broad cast to all router
it is the best answer in any interview because its contain all information which you wrote above  


and i am agin saying to all of the student who are prepairing for the interview/ccna plz try to give the answer what ever some one is given or not or it is wrong or wright 
do not be affredd so say what you think 
this might be possible that here u could be wrong but it is better to be wrong here
instead of in interview panel

Distance-vector routing protocols advertise routes to
neighbors, but a link-state routing
protocol advertises a list of its connections.





Jitu, i m not agree with u, the concept u wrote above.

Go through 

"CCNP BSCI Official Exam Certification Guide, Fourth Edition
Page 106".....

ha ha 
I know u never be aggry with me but you may be wright but as far as my knowledge is concern i am wright but i will go through that book
you also look in ccna todd lamle book i didn't remember page number right now but i think the topic is in the start of the book in chapter in which routing protocol started 

Please have a look

or issme gussa kane ki koi baat nahi hai.mai galat ho saktha hun.its may be possible

Hey Buddy...

I m  not angry yaar.... i just wrote my point of view along
with documentation. hehehe..

Don't think i m angry plzzzzzzzzzzz. If my point of view
hurt u thn i m xtremly srryyy for dat.

I may be wrong lets take a look on respective books...!!

EIGRP - Useful in Cisco-only networks of basically any size.
EIGRP is an extremely robust and efficient protocol that
suits nearly any need other than inter-organization routing.


OSPF - Useful everywhere. It's standardized, so it's not
limited to a particular vendor. Most appropriate in large
multi-vendor networks. It has a higher CPU load than EIGRP
does, and it requires more granular control from an
administration perspective.