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 CCNA interview questions  CCNA Interview Questions
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Question
What is Spanning Tree Protocol and how it work? I know it 
is - STP is Spanning tree Protocol. It Stops the looping in 
the network? How STP work? How it stop Looping in network?
 Question Submitted By :: Kapilasdhir
I also faced this Question!!     Rank Answer Posted By  
 
  Re: What is Spanning Tree Protocol and how it work? I know it is - STP is Spanning tree Protocol. It Stops the looping in the network? How STP work? How it stop Looping in network?
Answer
# 1
STP is a Protocol used for the loop free environment, when a
network is totally based on a switch....as we know that to
ensure the all time availability of the network we have to
develop redundancy....if the destination is unknown and has
to find out by the switch.... now because of this redundancy
loop occurs..

to solve this problem STP is used..in STP there is a main
head of all switches called ROOT BRIDGE (the Switch having
lowest MAC address or Lowest Priority value - default is 32678).

Main step is to find out all the possible paths to each
destination. After that root bridge uses STA (spanning Tree
algorithm)to find out the best suitable path to the destination.
 Other paths to the same destination are set to blocking
mode to avoid the looping....
 In this the other non-Root bridge switches continues to
update them selves by receiving the BPDU every 2 secs
generated by the root bridge....

In STP there are five main modes that a switch can have:
1. Blocking   :in this case the switch doesn't forwards the
data, but receives BPDUS
2. Listening  :in this switch starts checking the updates
3. Learning   :in this the switch starts updating itself,
according to the updates
4. Forwarding :switch starts forwarding the main data(here
the network is called as Converged-meand each and every
switch has its cam table equal)
5. Disabled   :port is disabled by admin
 
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Other CCNA Interview Questions
 
  Question Asked @ Answers
 
Which of the following is used to manage and monitor the network? A.) SNMP B.) HTTP C.) IP D.) FTP  2
Identify the purpose of ICMP? A.) Avoiding routing loops B.) Send error and control messages C.) Transporting routing updates D.) Collision detection  1
Which of the following are logged when IP access list logging is enabled? A.) source address B.) protocol C.) source port D.) destination address E.) access list number F.) destination port  1
Given an IP host address of 172.16.2.160 and a shored mask of 255.255.255.192 to which shored does the host belong? A. 172.16.2.32 B. 172.16.2.64 C. 172.16.2.96 D. 172.16.2.128 E. 172.16.2.192  2
What is the connection oriented protocol in the TCP/IP protocol stack? A. IP B. UDP C. TCP D. DNS E. OSPF HCL2
When would you use ISDN? A.) To connect LANs using POTS B.) To support applications requiring voice, data, and video C.) When you need a consistent and very high rate of data speed D.) To connect to IBM mainframes  1
Which OSI Reference Layer is concerned with logical addressing? A.) Network B.) Transport C.) Datalink D.) Physical E.) Session  1
What type of switching creates variable latency through the switch? A.) Cut-Through B.) Inverted C.) Layer 4 D.) Multiplexed E.) Store and Forward  1
Which two does 100BaseT use? A.) CSMA/CD B.) IEEE 802.5 C.) 802.3u D.) Switching with 53-byte cells  1
Which of the following can reply to a Novell Get Nearest Server (GNS) request? A.) Local Novell server B.) Remote Novell Printer C.) Cisco router D.) Novell client  1
What does the command show access-lists 101 list? A. all defended access lists B. all access lists within the router C. the contents of standard access list 101 D. the contents of defended access list 101  1
What is the difference between TCP and UDP? A.) TCP is connection-oriented; UDP uses acknowledgements only B.) TCP is connection-oriented; UDP is connectionless C.) Both TCP and UDP are connection-oriented, but only TCP uses windowing D.) TCP and UDP both have sequencing, but UDP is connectionless  2
Which OSI layer establishes, maintains and terminates sessions between applications? A.) Application B.) Physical C.) Data-Link D.) Presentation E.) Network F.) Session  1
What are the 2 functions of the Data Link Mac layer? A.) Handles access to shared media B.) Manages protocol access to the physical network medium C.) Provides SAPs for higher level protocols D.) Allows multiple devices to uniquely identify one another on the data link layer  1
Which of the following is a connectionless protocol at the Transport layer? A.) UDP B.) ARP C.) ICMP D.) RARP E.) IP F.) FTP  1
Identify 3 characteristics of a MAC address? A.) Burned into the NIC B.) 48 bits long C.) Length is 32 bits D.) Used to deliver the frame to the end device E.) Contains a network portion and a host portion  1
What is proxy-ARP and how it is used and configured  1
With distance vector routing protocols, it is never useful to send the same routing update packet back out the same interface that it was learned. This concept is called what? A.) Holddown timers B.) Poison Reverse C.) Count to infinity D.) Split Horizon E.) Link State  1
What command do you enter at the keyboard to begin a user mode session? A.) Type 'CTRL-P' B.) Type 'login' C.) Just press . D.) Type 'enable' E.) Press 'Shift + Ctrl + 6' at the same time.  1
Identify the 3 characteristics of IGRP? A.) Uses hop count as a metric B.) Supports multiple unequal paths C.) Administrative distance is 100 D.) Configured with an Autonomous system number E.) Link state  1
 
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