temp role is a default sap provided role...and a copy role 
is one we customize from a temp role...

Derived role:- Is a role which is derived from the parent role
   Parent role can be either a customised role r temp role

in derived role, all the transactions of parent role r 
copied but not the org structure and auth.
and we cant add more transactions in derived role.
in copy roles all the transactions with auth r copied

Copy Role is a copied role from existing role. In this type 
of Role all authorizatoins will be inherited from the 
existing role.
Derived Role is a role copied from existing role (Master 
role). In this type authorizations will not be inherited 
from the master role. Here we can maintain onlly 
Organizational values.

1.Derived roles refer to roles that already exist.  The 
derived roles inherit the menu structure and the functions 
included (transactions, reports, Web links, and so on) from 
the role referenced.

Copy Roles:
A Role copy from any existing Role, should be single, 
Derived or Composite Role.

Derived Roles :
A Role derived from another existing Role, Should be Single 
Role only.