Derivatives are financial instruments whose value changes
in response to the changes in underlying variables. The
main types of derivatives are futures, forwards, options,
and swaps.
The main use of derivatives is to reduce risk for one
party. The diverse range of potential underlying assets and
pay-off alternatives leads to a huge range of derivatives
contracts available to be traded in the market. Derivatives
can be based on different types of assets such as
commodities, equities (stocks), bonds, interest rates,
exchange rates, or indexes (such as a stock market index,
consumer price index (CPI) — see inflation derivatives — or
even an index of weather conditions, or other derivatives).
Their performance can determine both the amount and the
timing of the pay-offs.
Derivatives are financial contracts, or financial
instruments, whose values are derived from value of an
underlying asset. The underlying asset on which derivatives
are based can be commodities, equities (stocks),
residential mortgages, commercial real estate loans, bonds,
interest rates, exchange rates, or indices (such as a stock
market index, consumer price index (CPI) — see inflation
derivatives — or even an index of weather conditions, or
other derivatives). Credit derivatives are based on loans,
bonds or other forms of credit.
The main types of derivatives are futures, forwards,
options and swaps.