it is nothing but Before Going to execution what we are 
doing in testing  is static testing. Like verification 
part.......

wrong let me know plz

static testing is process in which we dont execute 
application or code we just conduct review of requirement

the testing which is related to code.
this ststic testing is done by the developers(integration
testing and unit testing).this static testing is also called
as white box testing.

Static testing is a testing where the code is not
executed.That is why it is named as Static.It has three types
1.Walk-throughs
2.Inspection
3.Reviews

example: 

int a,b,c=0;                               ---> STATIC CODE
printf("\n Enter the values for a & b ");  ---> STATIC CODE
scanf("%d5d",&a,&b);                       ---> STATIC CODE
                                                           
       
c=a+b;                                     ---> DYNAMIC CODE 
printf("\n Yhe Sum is ",c);

and the reverse of Static Testing is Dynamic Testing,where
the code is executed.

It means that review on Documentation,code and Gui testing
are called static testing.