22 times. (times given are approx) 1:05a 2:10a 3:15a 4:20a
5:25a 6:30a 7:35a 8:40a 9:45a 10:50a 12:midnight etc. Both
of the "eleven o'clock" overlaps never occur; they turn
into the "midnight" and "noon" overlaps. The hour hand
is "running away" from the minute hand.
The answer is twenty-three.
Most people quickly realize that the answer has to be
twenty-four, give or take. The issue is nailing down
that "give or take" part. Recognize, first of all, that
there is nothing capricious about the overlaps. Both hands
move at fixed speeds.
Therefore, the time interval between overlaps is a
constant. This constant interval is a little more than an
hour. At midnight, the hour and minute hands are exactly
superimposed. It takes an hour for the minute hand to make
a complete circuit In that same time, the hour hand has
moved 1/12 of a circuit to the numeral 1. It then takes
another five minutes for the minute hand to catch up to
where the hour hand was, in which time the hour hand has
crept a bit farther.... Before getting sucked into a Zeno's
Paradox, let's settle for the moment by saying that the
interval is a little more than sixty-five minutes. We also
know that the exact interval has to divide evenly into
twenty-four hours, since the day ends as it started, with
both hands up and overlapping. In fact, it has to divide
evenly into twelve hours. The way the hands move in the
P.M. is an exact replay of the way they move in the A.M.
Focus on the twelve-hour period from midnight to noon. The
hands cannot overlap twelve times in that period, for if
they did, it would mean that the interval between overlaps
was 12/12, or exactly one hour — and we know it's a bit
more than sixty-five minutes. No, there must be eleven
overlaps in a twelve-hour period. That means the interval
between overlaps is 12/11 hour, which comes to 65.45
minutes. This must be the precise interval that we balked
at calculating a moment ago. Doubling eleven gives twenty-
two overlaps in a twenty four- hour period. Twenty-two is
the answer — unless you want to split hairs. Should you
count the overlap at the midnight that begins the day, and
also at the midnight that ends the day, the answer is
twenty-three.
It can be reduced to a fencepost problem...
if you have two hands x (faster hand) and y (slower hand),
then the number of fenceposts is the number of circuits x
needs to make for y to make one complete circuit. The number
of overlaps of x and y is the number of spaces between the
fenceposts.
The answer is 44 times FOR TRUE OVERLAPS.
As an explanation, I will approach the answer in following
steps.
Notations:
Hour hand:=H minute hand:=M
Assumption: We consider only H and M (and not the hand for
seconds counter) hence overlap of 2 hands.
1) A very tempting answer (which is also given above) would
have been to consider time points such as 12:00 noon, 1:05
am/ pm etc. and so on leading to final value of 24 but
consider the following situation. Suppose that the overlap
happened at 12:00 noon then, since H covers 30 degree angle
in an hour whereas M covers 360 degree, how can the next
overlap happen at 1:05 because then starting from 12:00 H
has moved 30 degree in 1 hour to reach exactly the point
for 1 o clock marker while in the same time M will move
only 360 degree to reach 12 o clock marker agian to make
the time as 1:00 PM and by the time M reaches the point for
1 o clock marker, H will have moved a bit not to make it an
overlap.
Hence it will nullify the answer which is being discussed.
2) Now let us move towards the correct answer. Note that
the angular speeds of the tips of H and M are 30 degree/
Hour and 360 degree / hour respectively.
3) Let us start from a point where both have already
overlapped because if no such point is available then the
question becomes redundant. H will indicate the tip of hour
hand and M will do the same for the minute one.
4) Now had this been a problem of both H and M starting
from the same point, moving on a stratight line with
different speeds, they would have never met again.
5) But here since they are moving on a circle, it is
equivalent to the aforementioned example of straight line
with the end points of the line identified to make them
move round and round in a circle.
6) Let the starting point of overlap be A. After 1 hour M
is 30 degree behind H (Recall the example in <1> ) and if
it is going to overlap with H in next T hours then it has
to cover 30 degree more than H does in this time (T hours).
Since M cover (360-30=)330 degree more in 1 hour, it will
take (30/330=) 1/11 hour for the next overlap.
7) so starting from the point A of first overlap it has
taken (1+ 1/11=) 12/11 hour for another overlap to happen.
So ein 12/11 hour we have had 2 overlaps and hence in 24
hours we will have (2 * (11/12) * 24)= 44 overlaps (unitary
method).
8) Note that the point A of first overlap is an arbitraty
choice.
The correct answer is 23.
Sorry! there has been a mistake of double counting at the
end of the above answer posted by me in hurry
(Clicked "post answer" and could not take back).
The calculation of 12/11 hour required for the second
overlap is correct. But then in this time there is 1 more
overlap (not 2)and hence in 24 hours time there will be 22
more overlaps and taking the first one into account the
number will be 23.
Two MIT math graduates bump into each other at Fairway on
the upper west side. They hadn't seen each other in over 20
years.
The first grad says to the second: "how have you been?"
Second: "Great! I got married and I have three daughters
now"
First: "Really? how old are they?"
Second: "Well, the product of their ages is 72, and the sum
of their ages is the same as the number on that building
over there.."
First: "Right, ok.. oh wait.. hmmmm.., I still don't know"
second: "Oh sorry, the oldest one just started to play the
piano"
First: "Wonderful! my oldest is the same age!"
Problem: How old are the daughters?
You run a technical support website where members post
questions and answers to problems experienced and general
know how. You have to provide explanations to recently
posted questions. Some opf these questions need reasearch.