the organization data is can be categeroised by three types.
These are given below.

Master data
transaction data
organization data

master data: it can be fixed it cannot be changed during the
execution of the program.

Transaction data: rarely changed.

Organization data: daily changes the data .

if the data is in the consistent state, its known as data 
consititency

itt depends

Company can expect good business from me and I can expect 
good career from company

report is dispalying in application serve as per normal 
requirement.it is used in transaction code -
se38.techniaclly speaking report is an excuatable program 
with 3 stages.
DATA INPUT (select screen)
DATA PROCESSING (select statement)
DATA OUTPUT (defining output types in 
write,uline,skip,output fields)


module pool program  are dialog program
dialog program are used to call transaction
this are used in customizing of screens
this are more flexible than reports

Reports are created from abap editor
Report is evaluate data from database,and displayed in list.
Report are standalone programs.
Reports are controlled be events.

Module pool is nothing but transaction, created from object
browser.
Transaction is the sequence of screens. In module pool at
least one screen is participated.
Module pool is not standalone programs.
PBO,PAI and screen flow are important events

In scripts we have to maintain 99 main windows and smart
forms we have to maintain  only one main window in one page

System requirements specification, Use case document, Test 
Plan

==== brs and srs 

convert then as functional and system specification based
test case design

frs, use case template these two can be prapared by 
business analyst, what he do is he collect the template 
from the company and go to the client place and collect all 
the reuirements that is functional requirement 
specifications.

test case means alla the perceptions of a test engineer of 
that particular object

suppose give some test case on pen means

requirements are 
white bottom with blue cap with black culr ink

test case
+ve flow : write on the paper result is it should write in 
black
-ve flow: pour the blue ink into the pen and write, result 
is it should write in blue
user interface: check the colour of pen result shuld be 
white and blue cap

like that we describe
understood

An object of class CMutex represents a "mutex" ? a 
synchronization object that allows one thread mutually 
exclusive access to a resource. Mutexes are useful when 
only one thread at a time can be allowed to modify data or 
some other controlled resource. For example, adding nodes 
to a linked list is a process that should only be allowed 
by one thread at a time. By using a CMutex object to 
control the linked list, only one thread at a time can gain 
access to the list.
An object of class CSemaphore represents a "semaphore" ? a 
synchronization object that allows a limited number of 
threads in one or more processes to access a resource. A 
CSemaphore object maintains a count of the number of 
threads currently accessing a specified resource.

Thread is the smallest set of instructions that can be 
executed.

Cmutex and Csemaphore are the ways used for synchronization 
purpose.

the difference between the above two is..Cmutex is a single 
lock where as csemaphore is a multilock..


mutex is used for mutual exclusion while semaphore is a 
synchonozation variabl

CMutex                          CSemaphore
                        
Allows at most one thread  allows more than one thread to 
access the resource(RES)   Access the RES simultaneousl     
y        

Prevents more than one               It allows more that 
one thread 2        
Thread to access the res             access the resource

Using mutex, we can                 Using semaphore, we can 
sync 
Synchronize one/more threads   threads with in the process
In different process or with in
Process.

CMutex is a single lock                CSemaphore is a 
multilock.

CMutex Implementation          CSemaphore Implementation
API’s in CMutex Dev:
::Create Mutex()                        ::CreateSemaphore()
::WaitForSinglrObject()               ::WaitForSinglrObject
()
::WaitForMultipleObject
()             ::WaitForMultipleObject()    
::Release Mutex()                       ::Release Semaphore
()
                                                 ::CloseHand
le()

The latter one allows you to write formatted output.

Response.write - it writes the text stream 
Response.output.write - it writes the HTTP Output Stream. 

They are used to display output text in formatted manner as 
below
Response.Write() output fotmat :
Response.Write"<h1>" & iTimer & "</h1>"
Response.Output.Write() output format :
Response.Output.Write("<h2>Process running as {0}</h2>",
    WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name);

R.W:: It writes to  the browser
R.O.W :: It writes to the file

response.output.write allows String.Format style output and 
the response.write doesn't

For example : Response.Output.Write("{0:d}", "Current Date 
Time is: ",DateTime.Now);

Response.Output.Write() allows you to write formatted output

INITIALIZATION IS  THE FIRST EVENT WHEN  U R WRITING THE 
REPORT.
IT WILL TRIGGERS BEFORE DISPLAYING THE SELECTION SCREEEN.
THIS EVENT IS USED TO PROVIDE DEFAULT VALUES TO THE 
SELECTION SCREEN.
BUT DIRECTLY WE GIVE DEFAULT VALUES TO THE SELECTION SCREEN 
USING DEFAULT KEY WORD FOR SELECT-OPTIONS STATEMENT.

THE USE OF INITIALIZATION EVENTS IS WE HAVE TO CALCUTATE 
THE LOW AND HIGH VALUES IN THE INITIALIZATION EVENT THEN IT 
WILL DISPLAY ON THE SELECTION SCREEN.
FOR EX:
LOW  = SY-DATUM.
HIGH = 10 + SY-DATUM.
HERE WE ARE NOT GIVING DIRECT VALUES TO THE SELECTION SCREEN
WE ARE CALCULATING THE HIGH VALUE THEN AFTER WORDS  WE ARE 
GIVING THE HIGH VALUE TO THE SELECTION SCREEN.
 
SELECT-OPTIONS : EVBELN FOR VBAK.
INITIALIZATION.
EVBELN-LOW = '7580'.
EVBELN-HIGH = '7590'.
EVBELN-SIGN = 'I'.
EVBELN-OPTIONS = 'BT'.
I MEANS INCLUDE. THOSE  7580 AND 7590 ARE INCLUDED.
IF WE USE E EXCLUDE.
BT MEANS BETWEEN .

Preethi is right but will like to mention here.


INITIALIZATION.
EVBELN-LOW = '7580'.
EVBELN-HIGH = '7590'.
EVBELN-SIGN = 'I'.
EVBELN-OPTIONS = 'BT'.
after this you need to write APPEND EVBELN.Otherwise it 
won't work.

Thanks

initialization
at selection-screen output
at selection-screen
start-of-selection
end-of-selection
top-of-page
end-of-page

In Classical reports:

Initialization
At-Selection-Screen
Start-of-Selection
Top-of-Page
End-of-Page
End-of-Selection


In Interactive reports:

At-Line-Selection
Top-of-Page during Line-Selection
At PF
At User-Command

Thanx.

Classical Report Events

Load-of-program
Initialization
At selection-screen
At selection-output
At selection-screen on-field
start-of-selection
top-of-page
end-of-page
end-of-selection


Interactive report Events

At line-selection
at user-command
at pf

to upload the data.

to upload the multiple data from flat file

to identify the fields for designing the programs which 
canbe used in session method and calltransaction

If we want to upload a huge amount of data from non sap 
system to sap system we use the concept of BDC(Batch Data 
Communication)
The tcode for recording is SHDB
We do recording for a single record manually
Then if we want to upload 1 lakh records
then no need to do recording again
This will automatically upload the 1 lakh records
We have three methods
1.Direct input Method
2.Call Transaction mehod
3. Session method

ITS A TABLE WHICH HAS NO PRIMARY KEY AND A TEMPORARY ONES.
WE CAN HAVE ANY NUMBER OF DUPLICATE RECORDS WE WANT.

internal table is just a structure that exists only during
run-time.
it could be used as  a snapshot of database table.

cheers.
Aditya.

INTERNAL TABLE IS A DATA STRUCTURE USED TO STORE MULTIPLE 
RECORDS OF DATA IT MAY OR MAY NOT BE RELATED TO A DATABASE 
TABLE WE HAVE STANDARD SORTED AND HASHED INTERNAL TABLES.

Internal table is   the temparary table created in RAM of
application server while runtime which is used to do the
operation on thye data while processing.

Internal tables provide a means of taking data from a fixed 
structure and storing it in working memory in ABAP. The 
data is stored line by line in memory, and each line has 
the same structure. In ABAP, internal tables fulfill the 
function of arrays. Since they are dynamic data objects, 
they save the programmer the task of dynamic memory 
management in his or her programs. You should use internal 
tables whenever you want to process a dataset with a fixed 
structure within a program. A particularly important use 
for internal tables is for storing and formatting data from 
a database table within a program. They are also a good way 
of including very complicated data structures in an ABAP 
program

INTERNAL TABLE ALLOCATING EXTRA SIZE OF MEMEORY IN 
APPLICATION SERVER.BUT INTERNAL TABLE MEMORY IS TEMPORORY.
WHEN THE INTERNAL TABLE IS CREATED IT ALLOCATES MEMORY 
DURING RUNTIME AND THAT MEMORY IS DESTROYED WHEN THE 
PROGRAM IS ENDED.

internal table is allocating extra size of memory in 
application server.but this memory is temporary.
internal table memory is allocated during at the runtime.
when the program is closed internal table memory is 
destroyed.

Internal table is the temporary Storage area that exists 
only at program runtime.

It is a complex Data Object Used to Store multiple records
at program run time temporarily. Memory Allocation to
Internal Tables is done dynamically at run time Only.
Initial Default Size is 8K.

Internal Table Types are

1)Standard Tables
2)Sorted Tables
3)Hashed Tables.

there r 3 modes in call transaction.
1. A - all screens
2. E - error screens
3. N - no screens

The call transaction mode can take the following values: 
'A' Display screen 
'E' Display only if an error occurs 
'N' Do not display 
'P' Do not display; debugging possible 


If the MODE addition is omitted, then the processing mode 
is 'A'. 
If a screen is displayed in processing mode 'E' because the 
system reached the end of the BDC data, the system 
automatically switches to processing mode 'A'. 
If breakpoints are set in a transaction tcod called using 
the CALL TRANSACTION tcod USING itab variant, these are not 
actually reached in 'N' mode. The system tries to insert 
data in the Debugger screen; the call ends with SY-SUBRC = 
1001 and the message "Batch input data is not available for 
screen SAPMSSY3 0131" (S 00 344). 

Conversely, in 'P' mode, transaction screens are processed 
in the background (as in 'N' mode) and debugging is 
possible.

packed means it takes double the memory place we give. so, 
for 10 digits to store give a value of 5.